Monday, June 27, 2016

Cashirka 7aad Ee Cilmi Baaaris Baro

  Hadaf ka Cilmi-baarista.
Hadaf ka Cilmi-baarista (Research Objectives) Casharadii hore waxaan ku soo sharaxnay bayaanka dhibaatada (problem statement) iyo su’aalaha cilmi-baarista (research questions) casharakan waxaan ku sharixi donaa hadafka cilmi-baarista. 

Cilmi-baaris waliba waxa ay leedahay hadaf ka duwan darasadihii hore loo samayay. Hadafka cilmi-baarista waa in si cad oo la fahmi karo loo qexo. Maxay tahay sababta ay muhiimka u tahay hadafka cilmi-baarista? Hadafka cilmi-baarista waxaa uu soo kobaa baaxada cilmi-baarista, waxaa uu jiheyaa xogta la doonayo in la soo ururiyo iyo in la fahmo dhibaatada la qeexay.
Hadafka  waxaa uu xadidaa talaabada uu qaadaayo cilmi-baaraha, sidoo kale hadafka waxaa uu qexaa waxa la rajaynaayo in lagu gaaro cilmi-baarista.   Hadii si cad loo qeexo hadafka cilmi-baarista, waxaa si fudud lagu ogaan karaa habka ku haboon ee xog ururinta(data collection)  faa’qidida xogta (data analysis)  iyo turjubaanida xogta (interpertation).
Marka la qorayo hadafka waa muhiim in uu jiro xiriir ka dhaxeeyo bayaanka dhibaatada (Problem Statement) iyo hadafka cilmi-baarista. Sidoo kale waa in uu jiro  xiriir toos ah oo ka dhaxeyaa su’aalaha cilmi baarista (research questions) iyo  hadafka cilmi-baarista. Ugu danbeyn waa in uu  jiro karo xiriir ka dhaxeeyo mala awaalka (hypothesis) ka iyo hadafka cilmi-baarista.
 Cilmi-baarayaasha qaar waxay marka hore qoraan hadafka guud (general objective) oo ay u qoraan sida tuduc kadibna waxay qoraan midka gaar kah (specific objetives) oo ay u qoraan si qodob qodob ah. Waxaa muhiim ah in la ogaado in laqoro hadaka guud waa akhtiyaar (optional) waa laga tagi karaa mana ahan daruuri in la qoro. Cilmi-baaraha toos ayuu u abaari karaa khodobada hadafka  asaga oo aanan u kala qaadin mid guud iyo mid gaar ah toona.
Dhinaca kale waa muhiim in hadafka si macquul ah la iskugu xijiyo. Hadaf waliba waa in uu kuu gudbiyo hadafka kale, yaysan dhicin labo hadaf dhaxdood in uu ka dhasho (Gap). Hadafka ha iskugu xig xigo sida uu u kala horeeyo una kala mudan yahay. Tusaale:  Hadii cilmi-baaristaadu la xiriirto in la ogaado shurudaha raga ama dumarka ay isku dortaan.
Hadafkaaga ugu horeeyo ha noqdo, in la helo dhamaan shuruudaha midba midka kale uga baahan yahay in uu lahadaado. Marka sharuudaha raadi oo tix. Aan dhahno waxaad soo heshay 30 sharuudod oo ay isku doortaan raga iyo dumarka. Hadafka labaad waa in aad daraasaysid sida ay ugu kal muhiim san yihiin sharuudaha, sharudee ugu horeyso teese ugu danbayso ee la isku doortaa?.
Raga qaar ayaa laga yabaa in ay sharuuda ugu horayso tahay gabadha ma qurxantahay? Tan ugu danbaysane ay tahay reerka gabadha lacag ma leyihiin?. Sidoo kale dumarka qaar aya laga yabaa sharudooda ugu horeyso in ay tahay ninka diin iyo dabeecad ma leeyahay? Tan ugu danbaysane ay tahay  “six back” maleeyahay.
Hadaba si hadafka uu is raaco u kala hormari sida ay u kala muhiimsan yihiin ama ay iskugu tiirsan yihiin.  Waxaa kale oo muhiim ah in hadafka ahaado mid la gaari karo walibane wakhtiga la socdo. Hadafka cilmi-baarista yuusan noqon hadaf mala awaal ah oo xaqiiqda ka fog lana gaari karin xilga dhaw.  
Waxaa dhacda ardayda ku cusub cilmi-baarista in ay qoraan Lix (6) ilaa Todobo (7) hadaf oo ay donayaan in ka garaan cilmi-baarista. Waxaa haboon in cilmi-baaraha uu san qorin wax ka badan afar hadaf ama sadax, waliba arday Degree ga diyaarinaayo sadax  kabadan ma ahan in ay aqtaan. Ardayga Master ka ah xitaa waa kugu filan tahay sadax hadaf in uu gaaro. Ha iska badanin hadafka, maxaa yeelay hadaf badan oo aad qortaa waxay sii kordhinaysaa baaxada cilmi-baarista.
Xasuusnow waxaad haysataa waqti kooban iyo qarash kooban. Hadafka cilmi-baaristadu ha ahaado mid lagu gari karo waqtiga aad haysato iyo qarasha aad ugu talagashay. Dhinaca kale, ogow  oo maskaxda ku haay, natiijada ka soo baxdo cilmi-baarista waxaa la barbar dhigi donaa hadafki aad sheegtay in aad gaari doonto bilawgii daraasada. Hadii hadafki aad qortay aad gaari waydo sabab cadna aadan u keenin, ogow waad guul dareysatay cilmi-baaristaada.
Ugu danbayntii, marka la qoraayo hadafka cilmi-baarista waxa muhiim ah in laga bilaabo waxa loo yaqaano (Infinitive verbs ).  Tusaale ahaan (To identify, to establish, to describe, to determine, to estimate, to develop, to compare, to analyse, to collect, to ensure etc)

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